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Monday, August 24, 2009

What are the Signs of a Mini Stroke?

By Barb Hicks

TIA, also known as a mini stroke, occurs when there has been temporary blockage of blood flow in the brain due to a thrombus. In a TIA, the body releases its own small amount of tPA and quickly dissolves the clot. This accounts for the temporary symptoms that incur and cause no damage to brain tissues. The TIA is a warning sign of an impending stoke, and medical help should be sought immediately. Mini strokes happen only in ischemic episodes. Ischemic and hemorrhagic are complete opposites of each other but have the same symptoms and inclinations.

Loss of blood flow due to artery blockage is an ischemic episode. This is referred to as ischemia and creates cell death and the loss of function in the extremities including the face.

The formation of these blood clots can also be caused by atrial fibrillation, previous heart attack, heart valve diseases, some STDs, cardiovascular disease and Cerebrovascular disease.

Plaque buildup in the arteries resulting in narrowing of the arteries is a common factor in ischemic episodes. In this case, cells and other debris stick to the cracks in the plaque.

Blood clots form in the first place as a response to tissue injury. Platelets stick together to plug up an injury that is leaking blood. If the blood doesn't clot, bleeding continues, leading to a host of other complications and problems.

The body's defense mechanism will automatically release an enzyme called plasmin to dissolve a clot. Once this is complete, white cells or phagocytes are released to engulf the left over debris and carry it away.

Decreased blood flow to the brain leads to signs and symptoms of confusion, sudden headache, loss of balance, and difficulty speaking. The symptoms appear for only minutes then soon disappear, and the victim suffers no brain damage. It is still advisable to get emergency help as a TIA is a warning that a major stoke is on the way. The goal of treatment at this point is to restore blood flow to the brain and prevent further damage.

Time is of the essence when dealing with stroke. Certain medications must be administered within the first three hours of the beginning of symptoms in order for them to work efficiently. This is why it is imperative that everyone know and recognize the signs and symptoms of stroke. If not treated in time, the patient can experience extensive and serious damage.

The onset of a mini stroke or TIA is sudden. There is no warning either as the TIA is already a warning of an ischemic event. In most cases, a major stroke will happen after one year of having a mini stroke. Visiting a medical professional is key in diagnosing your risk for this occurrence. Tests can be performed that will give your doctor a clear vision into the proper course of treatment for you. - 17273

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